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It is widely accepted that law is essential for economic growth prominent economists in china have repeatedly called for strengthening the legal system so that the economy can continue to grow nevertheless the fact that china has been able to achieve rapid economic growth while the law is weak seems to cast doubt on the significance of law. The peoples republic of china governs the country according to law and makes it a socialist country under rule of lawart 5 1999 constthe concept of the rule of law is universally known yet asymmetrically applied and this is no different in modern chinathe notion of the rule of law in china today is much different than that studied by the legal philosophers of ancient . The former is the two thousand year confucian patrimony of an egalitarian and just society for the common good expressed in modern form the latter is the culmination of the struggles to survive that unified an entire people in the modern era chinese rule of law in whichever procedural direction it may evolve towards has a soul. Vichniac and heather milkewicz his research assistants at brookingsthis working paper was written in preparation for a forthcoming book length study of the rule of law in economic development 1 the predictions of total chinese gdp soon surpassing us gdp are based on purchasing power parity. I wish to thank the international law society and the international human rights law institute for giving me this opportunity the rule of law is an essential feature of a modern country while having made great progress in the past 3 decades china still has a long way to go in building a country under the rule of law